The following figure given below shows the structure and a symbolic representation of a transistor. Its operation is based on the transfer of resistance between its terminals (from one circuit to another) to allow or amplify the charges between them. The word transistor is a combination of two words “transfer” and “resistor” meaning “transfer of resistor”. The type of the transistor depends on its construction and also affects the type of majority carriers in it. Thus transistor has two types based on its construction i.e. Or you could say that a transistor is made from two diodes joined back to back. In other words, either P-type is sandwiched between two N-types or the other way around. The transistor is a semiconductor device made from 3 alternating layers of P-type and N-type material. Thyristor and Silicon Controlled Rectifier (SCR) – Thyristors Applications.Some of these applications are rectification, Voltage clipping and Clamping, Circuit Protection, Voltage regulation and multiplication, light source, etc. Light-emitting diode (LED), Photodiode, Zener diode, Avalanche diode, Laser Diode, PIN Diode, Varactor and Tunnel Diode.Ī diode has a wide range of applications used in electronics. the power rectified cannot be controlled.Ī diode has many different types and each type is used for its special purpose. However, it offers uncontrolled rectification i.e. Therefore it is mostly used in the rectification of AC into DC. Therefore, diode blocks current flow in reverse biasing.Ī diode is a unidirectional switch that allows current in only one direction and blocks it in the reverse direction. While in reverse biasing, the Cathode voltage is higher than the anode which results in pulling apart the PN junction creating a depletion region thus breaking the path for charge flow. Thus in forward biasing, the diode conducts. Which results in an attraction between the PN junctions causing the charge carrier to easily flow between them. In forward bias, the anode is supplied with a higher voltage than the cathode. Due to the majority of holes, they are majority charge carriers in P-type material and electrons are minority carriers.Ī diode has two operation modes i.e. Such material can accept or catch electrons. While the holes are minority carriers.īy doping the semiconductor with a dopant having 3 valence-electrons forms P-type material. Due to the presence of a higher number of electrons, they are named majority carriers. These electrons are free to move and serve as a charge carrier. Such semiconductor has free electrons in their valence shell. When a semiconductor is doped with a dopant having 5 valence-electrons, an N-type material is formed. When impurities are added to a semiconductor crystal, P-type and N-type semiconductor materials are formed. They are made into extrinsic form by adding impurities to increase their conductivity. Semiconductor are available in an intrinsic (pure) form where the amount of positive (hole) and negative (electrons) charges are same. P-type and N-type semiconductor materials are used for the construction of diode and transistors. Apart from that, they are quite different in every other way.īefore going into the list of differences between diode and transistor, we are going to discuss their basics. What are the Key Differences Between Diode and Transistor?ĭiode and transistor are semiconductor-based electronic switches mostly used in every electronic device.
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